కనీసం కదలడానికి సహకరించని శరీరం, చక్రాల కుర్ఛీకి అతుక్కు పోయిన మనిషి, కనీసం మాట్లాడటానికీ కంప్యూటర్ సహాయం... ఇవి ప్రఖ్యాత ఖగోళ శాస్త్రవేత్త స్టీఫెన్ హాకింగ్ ను గుర్తించడానికి ఆనవాళ్లు.మోతార్ న్యూరాన్ వ్యాధి శరీరాన్ని కబళిస్తున్నా... చేస్తున్న పనికి శరేరం సహకరించక పోయినా... కృష్ణ బిలాల పై ఆయన పరిశోధనలు ఖగోళ శాస్త్రంలో ఎన్నో ప్రశ్నలకు సమాధానాన్ని చూపాయి. శాస్త్రవేత్తగానే కాక ఆయనపై ఆయనకున్న నమ్మకం, కలసిరాని విధిని తనకు అనుకూలంగా మార్చుకునే తత్వం నేటి యువతకు ఆదర్శం. స్టీఫెన్ హాకింగ్ ఓ సైద్డాంతిక భౌతిక శాస్త్రవేత్త. ఆయన కేంబ్రిడ్జి విశ్వవిద్యాలయంలో గణిత శాస్త్ర ఆచార్యునిగా సేవలందిస్తున్నారు. 2009లో ఆ పోస్టు నుంచి వైదొలగనున్నారు. ప్రస్తుతం మనం హాకింగ్స్ రేడియేషన్ గా పిలుస్తున్న కృష్ణ బిలాల రేడియేషన్ ను ప్రతిపాదించింది స్టీఫెన్ హాకింగే...
How can we understand the world in which we find ourselves? Over twenty years ago I wrote A Brief History of Time, to try to explain where the universe came from, and where it is going. But that book left some important questions unanswered. Why is there a universe–why is there something rather than nothing? Why do we exist? Why are the laws of nature what they are? Did the universe need a designer and creator?
It was Einstein’s dream to discover the grand design of the universe, a single theory that explains everything. However, physicists in Einstein’s day hadn’t made enough progress in understanding the forces of nature for that to be a realistic goal. And by the time I had begun writing A Brief History of Time, there were still several key advances that had not yet been made that would prevent us from fulfilling Einstein’s dream. But in recent years the development of M-theory, the top-down approach to cosmology, and new observations such as those made by satellites like NASA’s COBE and WMAP, have brought us closer than ever to that single theory, and to being able to answer those deepest of questions. And so Leonard Mlodinow and I set out to write a sequel to A Brief History of Time to attempt to answer the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe and Everything. The result is The Grand Design, the product of our four-year effort.
In The Grand Design we explain why, according to quantum theory, the cosmos does not have just a single existence, or history, but rather that every possible history of the universe exists simultaneously. We question the conventional concept of reality, posing instead a “model-dependent” theory of reality. We discuss how the laws of our particular universe are extraordinarily finely tuned so as to allow for our existence, and show why quantum theory predicts the multiverse–the idea that ours is just one of many universes that appeared spontaneously out of nothing, each with different laws of nature. And we assess M-Theory, an explanation of the laws governing the multiverse, and the only viable candidate for a complete “theory of everything.” As we promise in our opening chapter, unlike the answer to the Ultimate Question of Life given in the Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy, the answer we provide in The Grand Design is not, simply, “42.”
Einstein said that the most incomprehensible thing about the universe is that it is comprehensible. But was he right? Can the quantum theory of fields and Einstein’s general theory of relativity, the two most accurate and successful theories in all of physics, be united in a single quantum theory of gravity? Can quantum and cosmos ever be combined? On this issue, two of the world’s most famous physicists–Stephen Hawking (A Brief History of Time) and Roger Penrose (The Emperor’s New Mind and Shadows of the Mind)–disagree. Here they explain their positions in a work based on six lectures with a final debate, all originally presented at the Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences at the University of Cambridge.
How could quantum gravity, a theory that could explain the earlier moments of the big bang and the physics of the enigmatic objects known as black holes, be constructed? Why does our patch of the universe look just as Einstein predicted, with no hint of quantum effects in sight? What strange quantum processes can cause black holes to evaporate, and what happens to all the information that they swallow? Why does time go forward, not backward?
In this book, the two opponents touch on all these questions. Penrose, like Einstein, refuses to believe that quantum mechanics is a final theory. Hawking thinks otherwise, and argues that general relativity simply cannot account for how the universe began. Only a quantum theory of gravity, coupled with the no-boundary hypothesis, can ever hope to explain adequately what little we can observe about our universe. Penrose, playing the realist to Hawking’s positivist, thinks that the universe is unbounded and will expand forever. The universe can be understood, he argues, in terms of the geometry of light cones, the compression and distortion of spacetime, and by the use of twistor theory. With the final debate, the reader will come to realize how much Hawking and Penrose diverge in their opinions of the ultimate quest to combine quantum mechanics and relativity, and how differently they have tried to comprehend the incomprehensible.
In a new afterword, the authors outline how recent developments have caused their positions to further diverge on a number of key issues, including the spatial geometry of the universe, inflationary versus cyclic theories of the cosmos, and the black-hole information-loss paradox. Though much progress has been made, Hawking and Penrose stress that physicists still have much farther to go in their quest for a quantum theory of gravity.
With commentary by the greatest physicist of our time, Stephen Hawking, this anthology has garnered impressive reviews. PW has called it “a gem of a collection” while New Scientist magazine notes the “thrill of reading Einstein’s own words.”
From the writings that revealed the famous Theory of Relativity, to other papers that shook the scientific world of the 20th century, A Stubbornly Persistent Illusion belongs in every science fan’s library.
George’s best friend, Annie, needs help. Her scientist father, Eric, is working on a space project — and it’s all going wrong. A robot has landed on Mars but is behaving very oddly. And now Annie has discovered something weird on her dad’s supercomputer.
Is it a message from an alien? Could there be life out there? How do you find a planet in outer space? And if you could talk to aliens, what would you say?An action-packed roller-coaster ride into a dramatic treasure hunt across the cosmos, this terrific adventure is FILLED with the LATEST scientific knowledge about our Universe, including special essays from some of the top scientists in the world!
Stephen Hawking, author of the multi-million copy bestselling A Brief History of Time, and his daughter Lucy explain the universe to readers of all ages.
Stephen Hawking’s worldwide bestseller, A Brief History of Time, has been a landmark volume in scientific writing. Its author’s engaging voice is one reason, and the compelling subjects he addresses is another: the nature of space and time, the role of God in creation, the history and future of the universe. But it is also true that in the years since its publication, readers have repeatedly told Professor Hawking of their great difficulty in understanding some of the book’s most important concepts.
This is the origin of and the reason for A Briefer History of Time: its author’s wish to make its content more accessible to readers—as well as to bring it up-to-date with the latest scientific observations and findings.
Although this book is literally somewhat “briefer,” it actually expands on the great subjects of the original. Purely technical concepts, such as the mathematics of chaotic boundary conditions, are gone. Conversely, subjects of wide interest that were difficult to follow because they were interspersed throughout the book have now been given entire chapters of their own, including relativity, curved space, and quantum theory.
This reorganization has allowed the authors to expand areas of special interest and recent progress, from the latest developments in string theory to exciting developments in the search for a complete unified theory of all the forces of physics. Like prior editions of the book—but even more so—A Briefer History of Time will guide nonscientists everywhere in the ongoing search for the tantalizing secrets at the heart of time and space.
One of the most influential thinkers of our time, Stephen Hawking is an intellectual icon, known not only for the adventurousness of his ideas but for the clarity and wit with which he expresses them. In this new book Hawking takes us to the cutting edge of theoretical physics, where truth is often stranger than fiction, to explain in laymen’s terms the principles that control our universe.
Like many in the community of theoretical physicists, Professor Hawking is seeking to uncover the grail of science – the elusive Theory of Everything that lies at the heart of the cosmos. In his accessible and often playful style, he guides us on his search to uncover the secrets of the universe – from supergravity to supersymmetry, from quantum theory to M-theory, from holography to duality.
He takes us to the wild frontiers of science, where superstring theory and p-branes may hold the final clue to the puzzle. And he lets us behind the scenes of one of his most exciting intellectual adventures as he seeks “to combine Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity and Richard Feynman’s idea of multiple histories into one complete unified theory that will describe everything that happens in the universe.” With characteristic exuberance, Professor Hawking invites us to be fellow travelers on this extraordinary voyage through space-time.
Copious four-color illustrations help clarify this journey into a surreal wonderland where particles, sheets, and strings move in eleven dimensions; where black holes evaporate and disappear, taking their secret with them; and where the original cosmic seed from which our own universe sprang was a tiny nut. The Universe in a Nutshell is essential reading for all of us who want to understand the universe in which we live. Like its companion volume, A Brief History of Time, it conveys the excitement felt within the scientific community as the secrets of the cosmos reveal themselves.
Bestselling author and physicist Stephen Hawking explores the “masterpieces” of mathematics, 25 landmarks spanning 2,500 years and representing the work of 15 mathematicians, including Augustin Cauchy, Bernard Riemann, and Alan Turing.
This extensive anthology allows readers to peer into the mind of genius by providing them with excerpts from the original mathematical proofs and results. It also helps them understand the progression of mathematical thought, and the very foundations of our present-day technologies.
Each chapter begins with a biography of the featured mathematician, clearly explaining the significance of the result, followed by the full proof of the work, reproduced from the original publication.
The first edition of this revolutionary look at the scientific discoveries that changed our perception of the world, by the renowned physicist and bestselling author Stephen Hawking, sold over 65,000 copies. Now it’s available in a gift-worthy special edition with color photographs and illustrations depicting theoretical models of the planets and their orbits–making Hawking’s brilliant insights all the more accessible.
This original compilation is based on seven classic works of physics and astronomy which, read in chronological order, trace the evolution of modern science. THE ILLUSTRATED ON THE SHOULDERS OF GIANTS includes selections from On the Revolution of Heavenly Spheres by Nicolaus Copernicus; Principia by Sir Isaac Newton; The Principle of Relativity by Albert Einstein; Dialogues Concerning Two Sciences by Galileo Galilei with Alfonso De Salvio; plus Harmony of the World by Johannes Kepler. It also includes five important critical essays and an original biography of each physicist, written by Hawking himself.
World-renowned physicist and author Stephen Hawking presents a revolutionary look at the momentous discoveries that changed our perception of the world with this first-ever compilation of five classic works of physics and astronomy. His choice of landmark writings by some of the world’s greatest thinkers traces the brilliant evolution of modern science and shows how each figure built upon the work of his predecessors.
On the Shoulders of Giants includes On the Revolution of Heavenly Spheres by Nicolaus Copernicus; Principia by Sir Isaac Newton; The Principle of Relativity by Albert Einstein; Dialogues Concerning Two Sciences by Galileo Galilei with Alfonso De Salvio; plus Harmony of the World by Johannes Kepler. It also includes a biography of each featured physicist that explains the significance of his work.
Stephen Hawking’s phenomenal, multimillion-copy bestseller, A Brief History of Time, introduced the ideas of this brilliant theoretical physicist to readers all over the world.
Now, in a major publishing event, Hawking returns with a lavishly illustrated sequel that unravels the mysteries of the major breakthroughs that have occurred in the years since the release of his acclaimed first book.
The Universe in a Nutshell
• Quantum mechanics
• M-theory
• General relativity
• 11-dimensional supergravity
• 10-dimensional membranes
• Superstrings
• P-branes
• Black holes
One of the most influential thinkers of our time, Stephen Hawking is an intellectual icon, known not only for the adventurousness of his ideas but for the clarity and wit with which he expresses them. In this new book Hawking takes us to the cutting edge of theoretical physics, where truth is often stranger than fiction, to explain in laymen’s terms the principles that control our universe.
Like many in the community of theoretical physicists, Professor Hawking is seeking to uncover the grail of science — the elusive Theory of Everything that lies at the heart of the cosmos. In his accessible and often playful style, he guides us on his search to uncover the secrets of the universe — from supergravity to supersymmetry, from quantum theory to M-theory, from holography to duality.
He takes us to the wild frontiers of science, where superstring theory and p-branes may hold the final clue to the puzzle. And he lets us behind the scenes of one of his most exciting intellectual adventures as he seeks “to combine Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity and Richard Feynman’s idea of multiple histories into one complete unified theory that will describe everything that happens in the universe.”
With characteristic exuberance, Professor Hawking invites us to be fellow travelers on this extraordinary voyage through space-time. Copious four-color illustrations help clarify this journey into a surreal wonderland where particles, sheets, and strings move in eleven dimensions; where black holes evaporate and disappear, taking their secret with them; and where the original cosmic seed from which our own universe sprang was a tiny nut.
The Universe in a Nutshell is essential reading for all of us who want to understand the universe in which we live. Like its companion volume, A Brief History of Time, it conveys the excitement felt within the scientific community as the secrets of the cosmos reveal themselves.
Roger Penrose’s views on the large-scale physics of the Universe, the small-scale world of quantum physics and the physics of the mind are controversial and widely discussed.
This book is a fascinating and accessible summary of Roger Penrose’s current thinking on those areas of physics in which he feels there are major unresolved problems. It is also a stimulating introduction to the radically new concepts that he believes will be fruitful in understanding the workings of the brain and the nature of the human mind.
Presents the frontiers of scientific knowledge about the basis of our existence & of everything around us. Features full color photographs & a foreword by Stephen Hawking.
A Brief History of Time, published in 1988, was a landmark volume in science writing and in world-wide acclaim and popularity, with more than 9 million copies in print globally.
The original edition was on the cutting edge of what was then known about the origins and nature of the universe. But the ensuing years have seen extraordinary advances in the technology of observing both the micro- and the macrocosmic world–observations that have confirmed many of Hawking’s theoretical predictions in the first edition of his book.
Now a decade later, this edition updates the chapters throughout to document those advances, and also includes an entirely new chapter on Wormholes and Time Travel and a new introduction. It make vividly clear why A Brief History of Time has transformed our view of the universe.
In the years since its publication in 1988, Stephen Hawking’s A Brief History of Time has established itself as a landmark volume in scientific
writing. It has also become an international publishing phenomenon, translated into forty languages and selling over nine million copies.
The book was on the cutting edge of what was then known about the nature of the universe, but since then there have been extraordinary advances in the technology of observing both the micro- and the macrocosmic world. These observations have confirmed many of Professor Hawking’s theoretical predictions in the first edition of his book, including the recent discoveries of the Cosmic Background Explorer satellite (COBE), which probed back in time to within 300,000 years of the universe’s beginning and revealed the wrinkles in the fabric of space-time that he had projected.
Eager to bring to his original text the new knowledge revealed by these many observations, as well as his most recent research, for this revised and expanded edition Hawking has prepared a new introduction to the book, revised and updated the original chapters throughout, and written an entirely new chapter on the fascinating subject of wormholes and time travel.
In addition, to heighten understanding of complex concepts that readers may have found difficult to grasp despite the clarity and wit of Hawking’s writing, this edition is magnificently enhanced throughout with more than 240 full-color illustrations, including satellite images, photographs made possible by spectacular new technological advances such as the Hubble telescope, and computer- generated images of three- and four-dimensional realities. Detailed captions clarify these illustrations, enabling readers to experience the vastness of intergalactic space, the nature of black holes, and the microcosmic world of particle physics in which matter and antimatter collide.
A classic work that now brings to the reader the latest understanding of cosmology, The Illustrated A Brief History of Time is the story of the ongoing search for the tantalizing secrets at the heart of time and space.
Readers worldwide have come to know the work of Stephen Hawking through his phenomenal million-copy hardcover best-seller A Brief History of Time. Bantam is proud to present the paperback edition of Dr. Hawking’s first new book since that event, a collection of fascinating and illuminating essays, and a remarkable interview broadcast by the BBC on Christmas Day, 1992. These fourteen pieces reveal Hawking variously as the scientist, the man, the concerned world citizen, and-always-the rigorous and imaginative thinker.
Hawking’s wit, directness of style, and absence of pomp characterize all of them, whether he is remembering his first experience at nursery school; calling for adequate education in science that will enable the public to play its part in making informed decisions on matters such as nuclear disarmament; exploring the origins of the future of the universe; or reflecting on the history of A Brief History of Time. Black Holes and Baby Universes is an important work from one of the greatest minds of the twentieth century.
Stephen Hawking has earned a reputation as the most brilliant theoretical physicist since Einstein. In this landmark volume, Professor Hawking shares his blazing intellect with nonscientists everywhere, guiding us expertly to confront the supreme questions of the nature of time and the universe.
Was there a beginning of time? Will there be an end? Is the universe infinite or does it have boundaries? From Galileo and Newton to modern astrophysics, from the breathtakingly cast to the extraordinarily tiny, Professor Hawking leads us on an exhilarating journey to distant galaxies, black holes, alternate dimensions–as close as man has ever ventured to the mind of God. From the vantage point of the wheelchair from which he has spent more than twenty years trapped by Lou Gehrig’s disease, Stephen Hawking has transformed our view of the universe.
Cogently explained, passionately revealed, A Brief History of Time is the story of the ultimate quest for knowledge: the ongoing search for the tantalizing secrets at the heart of time and space.
on Mar 28th, 1975
జీవిత ఘట్టాలు :-
అప్పటికి ప్రఖ్యాత ఖగోళ శాస్త్రవేత్త గెలిలియో మరణించి దాదాపు 300 సంవత్సరాలు అవుతోంది. అప్పుడే అంటే 1942 జనవరి 8వ తేదీన ఇంగ్లాండులోని ఆక్స్ ఫర్డ్ లో స్టీఫెన్ హాకింగ్ జన్మించారు. ఆయన తండ్రి వృత్తి రిత్యా లండన్ లో వైద్య శాస్త్ర పరిశోధకుడు. రెండవ ప్రపంచ యుద్ద సమయంలొ లండన్ లో నెలకొన్న ప్రమాదకర పరిస్థితుల వల్ల స్టీఫెన్ తల్లిని ఆక్స్ ఫర్డ్ లోని సురక్షిత ప్రాంతానికి పంపించారు. కొంత కాలానికి ఆయన కుటుంబం లండన్ లోని హైగేట్స్ ప్రాంతానికి తరలివచ్చింది. స్టీఫెన్ తన విద్యార్థి జీవితాన్ని అక్కడే ప్రారంభించారు. తర్వాత అంటే 1950లో ఆయన తండ్రి కుటుంబాన్ని మిల్ హిల్ ప్రాంతానికి మార్చారు. తండ్రి స్టీఫెన్ ని అక్కడి సెయింట్ ఆల్బన్స్ పాఠశాలలో చేర్చారు. తన గణిత ఉపాధ్యాయుని ప్రేరణతో గణితశాస్త్రంలో స్పెషలైజేషన్ చేద్దామనుకున్నాడు స్టీఫెన్. కాని దానికి వ్యతిరేకంగా తండ్రి రసాయనశాస్త్రంలో చేర్పించారు. తరువాత 1959లో నేచురల్ సైన్స్ విద్య కోసం స్కాలర్ షిప్ పరిక్ష రాశారు. అందులో సఫలీకృతుడు కాగలిగినా... భౌతిక శాస్త్రంలో స్పెషలైజేషన్ చేశారు స్టీఫెన్. 1962లో కేవలం ప్రథమ శ్రేణిలో ఉత్తీర్ణుడు కాగలిగారు. కాస్మాలజి, జనరల్ రిలేటివిటీ పరిశోధనల కోసం ఆక్స్ ఫర్ద్ కి వెళ్ళారు. అప్పటి నుంచి స్టీఫెన్ పరిస్థితి పూర్తిగా మారింది. అన్నం తినాలన్నా... కనిసం బూట్ల లేసు కట్టుకుందామన్నా... స్టీఫెన్ శరీరం సహకరించేది కాదు. క్రిస్ మస్ సెలవులకు ఇంటికి వెళ్ళిన స్టీఫెన్ పరిస్థితి ఆయన తల్లిదండ్రులను కలవర పెట్టింది. భోజనం చేయడానికి ఆయన పడుతున్న ఇబ్బంది... తల్లిని మధనపెట్టింది. ఆ సమయంలోనే ఆసుపత్రిలో చేసిన పరిక్షల్లో ఆయనకు మోటార్ న్యూరాన్ వ్యాధి (Motor Neuron Disease) అనే భయంకర వ్యాధి ఉన్నట్టు తెలిసింది. దీనినే Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) వ్యాధి అని కూడా అంటారు. నాడీ మండలం పై అంటే నరాలు, వెన్నుపూసపై ఇది ప్రభావం చూపుతుంది. డాక్టరేట్ సంపాదించేలోపె స్టీఫెన్ మరణిస్తాడనే అనుకున్నారంతా... కానీ ఆయన పట్టుదల, ఆత్మస్థైర్యం ముందు మృత్యువు ఓడిపోయింది. మళ్ళి విశ్వవిద్యాలయానికి తిరిగివచ్చిన హాకింగ్ తన పరిశోధనల్లొ నిమగ్నమయ్యారు. ఆయన ఆరోగ్య పరిస్థితి తెలిసి మిత్రులు సహకరించాలని చూసినా స్టీఫెన్ సున్నితంగా తిరస్కరించే వారు.
వైవాహిక జీవితం :-
విశ్వవిద్యాలయంలో తనకు పరిచయమున్న మహిళను స్టీఫెన్ వివాహం చేసుకున్నారు. ఆక్స్ ఫర్డ్ లో ఉన్నప్పుడు దగ్గర్లోనే ఇల్లు తీసుకుని ఉండేవారు. స్టీఫెన్ కు వ్యాధి బాగా ముదిరిన తరువాత విడాకులు తిసుకున్నారు. అప్పటికే వారి వివాహ బంధానికి గుర్తుగా ఇద్దరు మగ పిల్లలు, ఒక ఆడపిల్ల కలిగారు. విడాకుల అనంతం హాస్పటల్లో తనకు సేవలు చేస్తున్న ఓ నర్స్ తో స్టీఫెన్ సహజీవనం ప్రారంభించారు.
పరిశోధనలు, ఆవిష్కరణలు,అభిప్రాయాలు :-
ఎన్నో విశ్వవిద్యాలయాల్లో పని చేసిన స్టీఫెన్ కు, వ్యాధి అడ్డంకిగా మారలేదు. తన నాడీ మండలం పూర్తిగా పాడవుతున్నా... మెదడు సహకరించడాన్ని స్టీఫెన్ గమనించారు. 1970 నుంచి కృష్ణబిలాలపై పరిశోధనలు ప్రారంభించారు. తీరికలేని స్టీఫెన్ తనకు వ్యాధి వుందన్న విషయాన్ని కూడా మరచి పోయారు. క్వాంటం థియరి, జనరల్ రిలేటివిటీలను వుపయోగించి... కృష్ణబిలాలు కూడా రేడీయేషన్ వెలువరిస్తాయని కనుగోన్నారు. 1971నుంచి బిగ్ బ్యాంగ్ పై పరిశోధనలు మొదలు పెట్టిన ఆయన కృష్ణబిలాలకు సంబంధించి ఎన్నో విషయాలను ఆవిష్కరించారు. 1984లో ఏ బ్రీఫ్ హిస్టరీ ఆప్ టైమ్ పుస్తకరచన ప్రారంభించారు.ఆ సమయంలోనే వ్యాధి వల్ల 1985లో వైద్యులxbvbdng వుండాల్సి వచ్చింది. అప్పుడే కంప్యూటర్ సాయంతో మాట్లాడగలిగే పరికరాన్ని స్టీఫెన్ తయారు చేసుకున్నారు. దాని సాయంతోనే 1988లో పుస్తకాన్ని వెలువరించారు.అది అమ్మకాల్లో సృష్టించిన రికార్దు అంతా ఇంతా కాదు. ప్రపంచ వ్యాప్తంగా 40 భాషల్లో ఆ పుస్తకం వెలువడింది. తెలుగులోనూ... కాలం కథ పేరుతో వెలువడింది. ప్రపంచ వ్యాప్తంగా ఏ బ్రీఫ్ హిస్టరీ ఆప్ టైమ్అమ్మకాల్లో సృష్టించిన రికార్డు వల్ల అది 1998 అంటే వెలువడిన 10 సంవత్సరాల తరువాత గిన్నిస్ బుక్ లో స్థానం సంపాదించింది.
"మరణం తర్వాత జీవితం లేదు.స్వర్గం అనేదొక కట్టుకథ.మరణం తర్వాత జీవితం,స్వర్గం నరకం వంటివేమీ లేవు.ఇవన్నీ మృత్యువు అంటే భయపడేవారి కోసం అల్లిన కట్టుకథలు.మనిషి మెదడు కూడా కంప్యూటర్ వంటిదే,విడిభాగాలు పాడైన తర్వాత కంప్యూటర్ పని చేయటం ఆగిపోయినట్టే మెదడు ఆగిపోతుంది.ఒక్కసారి మెదడు నిలిచిపోయిన తర్వాత ఏమీ ఉండదు.కన్నుమూసేలోపే మనకున్న శక్తిసామర్థ్యాలను పూర్తిస్థాయిలో వినియోగిస్తూ మంచి జీవితం గడపాలి.మనం చేసే పనులు అత్యున్నతంగా ఉండటానికి కృషి చేయాలి. 49 ఏళ్లుగా మరణం నాకు అత్యంత సమీపంలోనే ఉంటోంది. అయినప్పటికీ నేను మృత్యువు కు భయపడటం లేదు. త్వరగా మరణించాలని నేను భావించటం లేదు.నేను కన్నుమూసేలోపు చేయాల్సిన పనులు ఎన్నెన్నో ఉన్నాయి"
"మరణం తర్వాత జీవితం లేదు.స్వర్గం అనేదొక కట్టుకథ.మరణం తర్వాత జీవితం,స్వర్గం నరకం వంటివేమీ లేవు.ఇవన్నీ మృత్యువు అంటే భయపడేవారి కోసం అల్లిన కట్టుకథలు.మనిషి మెదడు కూడా కంప్యూటర్ వంటిదే,విడిభాగాలు పాడైన తర్వాత కంప్యూటర్ పని చేయటం ఆగిపోయినట్టే మెదడు ఆగిపోతుంది.ఒక్కసారి మెదడు నిలిచిపోయిన తర్వాత ఏమీ ఉండదు.కన్నుమూసేలోపే మనకున్న శక్తిసామర్థ్యాలను పూర్తిస్థాయిలో వినియోగిస్తూ మంచి జీవితం గడపాలి.మనం చేసే పనులు అత్యున్నతంగా ఉండటానికి కృషి చేయాలి. 49 ఏళ్లుగా మరణం నాకు అత్యంత సమీపంలోనే ఉంటోంది. అయినప్పటికీ నేను మృత్యువు కు భయపడటం లేదు. త్వరగా మరణించాలని నేను భావించటం లేదు.నేను కన్నుమూసేలోపు చేయాల్సిన పనులు ఎన్నెన్నో ఉన్నాయి"
డిగ్రీలు - పదవులు - పురస్కారాలు :-
- 1975 ఎడింటంగ్ మెడల్
- 1976 రాయల్ సొసైటి హ్యుగ్స్ మెడల్
- 1979 అల్బర్ట్ ఐన్ స్టీన్ మెడల్
- 1982 ఆర్డర్ ఆఫ్ బ్రీటీష్ ఎఒపైర్ (కమాండర్)
- 1985 రాయల్ ఆస్ట్రనామికల్ సొసైటీ బంగారు పతకం
- 1986 పొంటిఫిషియల్ అకాడమి ఆఫ్ సైన్స్ లో సభ్యత్వం
- 1988 భౌతిక శాస్త్రంలో అంతర్జాతీయ బహుమతి
- 1989 కన్ కర్డ్ లొ ఆస్ట్రియా ప్రిన్స్ అవార్డ్
- 1989 కంపానియన్ ఆఫ్ ఆనర్
- 1999 అమెరికా భౌతిక శాస్త్ర సమితి వారి జూలియస్ ఎడ్గర్ లిలెన్ ఫెల్ద్ ప్రైజ్
- 2003 కేస్ వెస్ట్రెన్ రిజర్వ్ విశ్వవిద్యాలయం వారి మైకెల్ సన్ మోర్లీ అవార్డ్
- 2006 రాయల్ సొసైటీ కాప్లి మెడల్
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Stephen Hawking Quotes:-
Even if there is only one possible unified theory, it is just a set of rules and equations. What is it that breathes fire into the equations and makes a universe for them to describe?
Stephen Hawking
God not only plays dice, He also sometimes throws the dice where they cannot be seen.
Stephen Hawking
I have noticed even people who claim everything is predestined, and that we can do nothing to change it, look before they cross the road.
Stephen Hawking
I think computer viruses should count as life. I think it says something about human nature that the only form of life we have created so far is purely destructive. We've created life in our own image.
Stephen Hawking
If we do discover a complete theory, it should be in time understandable in broad principle by everyone. Then we shall all, philosophers, scientists, and just ordinary people be able to take part in the discussion of why we and the universe exist.
Stephen Hawking
Intelligence is the ability to adapt to change.
Stephen Hawking
It is no good getting furious if you get stuck. What I do is keep thinking about the problem but work on something else. Sometimes it is years before I see the way forward. In the case of information loss and black holes, it was 29 years.
Stephen Hawking
It is not clear that intelligence has any long-term survival value.
Stephen Hawking
Most sets of values would give rise to universes that, although they might be very beautiful, would contain no one able to wonder at that beauty.
Stephen Hawking
My goal is simple. It is a complete understanding of the universe, why it is as it is and why it exists at all.
Stephen Hawking
Not only does God play dice, but... he sometimes throws them where they cannot be seen.
Stephen Hawking
One cannot really argue with a mathematical theorem.
Stephen Hawking
Someone told me that each equation I included in the book would halve the sales.
Stephen Hawking
The usual approach of science of constructing a mathematical model cannot answer the questions of why there should be a universe for the model to describe. Why does the universe go to all the bother of existing?
Stephen Hawking
The whole history of science has been the gradual realization that events do not happen in an arbitrary manner, but that they reflect a certain underlying order, which may or may not be divinely inspired.
Stephen Hawking
There are grounds for cautious optimism that we may now be near the end ofthe search for the ultimate laws of nature.
Stephen Hawking
To confine our attention to terrestrial matters would be to limit the human spirit.
Stephen Hawking
We are just an advanced breed of monkeys on a minor planet of a very average star. But we can understand the Universe. That makes us something very special.
Stephen Hawking
Stephen Hawking
God not only plays dice, He also sometimes throws the dice where they cannot be seen.
Stephen Hawking
I have noticed even people who claim everything is predestined, and that we can do nothing to change it, look before they cross the road.
Stephen Hawking
I think computer viruses should count as life. I think it says something about human nature that the only form of life we have created so far is purely destructive. We've created life in our own image.
Stephen Hawking
If we do discover a complete theory, it should be in time understandable in broad principle by everyone. Then we shall all, philosophers, scientists, and just ordinary people be able to take part in the discussion of why we and the universe exist.
Stephen Hawking
Intelligence is the ability to adapt to change.
Stephen Hawking
It is no good getting furious if you get stuck. What I do is keep thinking about the problem but work on something else. Sometimes it is years before I see the way forward. In the case of information loss and black holes, it was 29 years.
Stephen Hawking
It is not clear that intelligence has any long-term survival value.
Stephen Hawking
Most sets of values would give rise to universes that, although they might be very beautiful, would contain no one able to wonder at that beauty.
Stephen Hawking
My goal is simple. It is a complete understanding of the universe, why it is as it is and why it exists at all.
Stephen Hawking
Not only does God play dice, but... he sometimes throws them where they cannot be seen.
Stephen Hawking
One cannot really argue with a mathematical theorem.
Stephen Hawking
Someone told me that each equation I included in the book would halve the sales.
Stephen Hawking
The usual approach of science of constructing a mathematical model cannot answer the questions of why there should be a universe for the model to describe. Why does the universe go to all the bother of existing?
Stephen Hawking
The whole history of science has been the gradual realization that events do not happen in an arbitrary manner, but that they reflect a certain underlying order, which may or may not be divinely inspired.
Stephen Hawking
There are grounds for cautious optimism that we may now be near the end ofthe search for the ultimate laws of nature.
Stephen Hawking
To confine our attention to terrestrial matters would be to limit the human spirit.
Stephen Hawking
We are just an advanced breed of monkeys on a minor planet of a very average star. But we can understand the Universe. That makes us something very special.
Stephen Hawking
Books :-
The Dreams That Stuff Is Made Of
The Most Astounding Papers of Quantum Physics, and How They Shook the Scientific World
Albert Einstein called the first discoveries that launched quantum physics “spooky,” as they suggested a random universe that seemed to violate the laws of common sense. Now bestselling author and physicist Stephen Hawking introduces the nonscientific reader to this fascinating and befuddling world.
This collection gathers together the most important papers on quantum physics, including the scholarship of Niels Bohr, Max Planck, Werner Heisenberg, Max Born, Ervin Schrodinger, and Richard Feynman. This is the first time all of these important works have been together in one volume—with an introduction by today’s greatest living scientist.
The Grand Design
How can we understand the world in which we find ourselves? Over twenty years ago I wrote A Brief History of Time, to try to explain where the universe came from, and where it is going. But that book left some important questions unanswered. Why is there a universe–why is there something rather than nothing? Why do we exist? Why are the laws of nature what they are? Did the universe need a designer and creator?
It was Einstein’s dream to discover the grand design of the universe, a single theory that explains everything. However, physicists in Einstein’s day hadn’t made enough progress in understanding the forces of nature for that to be a realistic goal. And by the time I had begun writing A Brief History of Time, there were still several key advances that had not yet been made that would prevent us from fulfilling Einstein’s dream. But in recent years the development of M-theory, the top-down approach to cosmology, and new observations such as those made by satellites like NASA’s COBE and WMAP, have brought us closer than ever to that single theory, and to being able to answer those deepest of questions. And so Leonard Mlodinow and I set out to write a sequel to A Brief History of Time to attempt to answer the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe and Everything. The result is The Grand Design, the product of our four-year effort.
In The Grand Design we explain why, according to quantum theory, the cosmos does not have just a single existence, or history, but rather that every possible history of the universe exists simultaneously. We question the conventional concept of reality, posing instead a “model-dependent” theory of reality. We discuss how the laws of our particular universe are extraordinarily finely tuned so as to allow for our existence, and show why quantum theory predicts the multiverse–the idea that ours is just one of many universes that appeared spontaneously out of nothing, each with different laws of nature. And we assess M-Theory, an explanation of the laws governing the multiverse, and the only viable candidate for a complete “theory of everything.” As we promise in our opening chapter, unlike the answer to the Ultimate Question of Life given in the Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy, the answer we provide in The Grand Design is not, simply, “42.”
The Nature of Space and Time
Einstein said that the most incomprehensible thing about the universe is that it is comprehensible. But was he right? Can the quantum theory of fields and Einstein’s general theory of relativity, the two most accurate and successful theories in all of physics, be united in a single quantum theory of gravity? Can quantum and cosmos ever be combined? On this issue, two of the world’s most famous physicists–Stephen Hawking (A Brief History of Time) and Roger Penrose (The Emperor’s New Mind and Shadows of the Mind)–disagree. Here they explain their positions in a work based on six lectures with a final debate, all originally presented at the Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences at the University of Cambridge.
How could quantum gravity, a theory that could explain the earlier moments of the big bang and the physics of the enigmatic objects known as black holes, be constructed? Why does our patch of the universe look just as Einstein predicted, with no hint of quantum effects in sight? What strange quantum processes can cause black holes to evaporate, and what happens to all the information that they swallow? Why does time go forward, not backward?
In this book, the two opponents touch on all these questions. Penrose, like Einstein, refuses to believe that quantum mechanics is a final theory. Hawking thinks otherwise, and argues that general relativity simply cannot account for how the universe began. Only a quantum theory of gravity, coupled with the no-boundary hypothesis, can ever hope to explain adequately what little we can observe about our universe. Penrose, playing the realist to Hawking’s positivist, thinks that the universe is unbounded and will expand forever. The universe can be understood, he argues, in terms of the geometry of light cones, the compression and distortion of spacetime, and by the use of twistor theory. With the final debate, the reader will come to realize how much Hawking and Penrose diverge in their opinions of the ultimate quest to combine quantum mechanics and relativity, and how differently they have tried to comprehend the incomprehensible.
In a new afterword, the authors outline how recent developments have caused their positions to further diverge on a number of key issues, including the spatial geometry of the universe, inflationary versus cyclic theories of the cosmos, and the black-hole information-loss paradox. Though much progress has been made, Hawking and Penrose stress that physicists still have much farther to go in their quest for a quantum theory of gravity.
A Stubbornly Persistent Illusion: The Essential Scientific Works of Albert Einstein
With commentary by the greatest physicist of our time, Stephen Hawking, this anthology has garnered impressive reviews. PW has called it “a gem of a collection” while New Scientist magazine notes the “thrill of reading Einstein’s own words.”
From the writings that revealed the famous Theory of Relativity, to other papers that shook the scientific world of the 20th century, A Stubbornly Persistent Illusion belongs in every science fan’s library.
George’s Cosmic Treasure Hunt
George’s best friend, Annie, needs help. Her scientist father, Eric, is working on a space project — and it’s all going wrong. A robot has landed on Mars but is behaving very oddly. And now Annie has discovered something weird on her dad’s supercomputer.
Is it a message from an alien? Could there be life out there? How do you find a planet in outer space? And if you could talk to aliens, what would you say?An action-packed roller-coaster ride into a dramatic treasure hunt across the cosmos, this terrific adventure is FILLED with the LATEST scientific knowledge about our Universe, including special essays from some of the top scientists in the world!
George’s Secret Key to the Universe
Stephen Hawking, author of the multi-million copy bestselling A Brief History of Time, and his daughter Lucy explain the universe to readers of all ages.
George’s parents, who have always been wary of technology, warn him about their new neighbors: Eric is a scientist and his daughter, Annie, seems to be following in his footsteps.
But when George befriends them and Cosmos, their super-computer, he finds himself on a wildly fun adventure, while learning about physics, time, and the universe. With Cosmos’s help, he can travel to other planets and a black hole. But what would happen if the wrong people got their hands on Cosmos? George, Annie, and Eric aren’t about to find out, and what ensues is a funny adventure that clearly explains the mysteries of science.
Garry Parsons’ energetic illustrations add humor and interest, and his scientific drawings add clarity; there are also eight 4-page full-color inserts of scientific photos.
A Briefer History of Time
Stephen Hawking’s worldwide bestseller, A Brief History of Time, has been a landmark volume in scientific writing. Its author’s engaging voice is one reason, and the compelling subjects he addresses is another: the nature of space and time, the role of God in creation, the history and future of the universe. But it is also true that in the years since its publication, readers have repeatedly told Professor Hawking of their great difficulty in understanding some of the book’s most important concepts.
This is the origin of and the reason for A Briefer History of Time: its author’s wish to make its content more accessible to readers—as well as to bring it up-to-date with the latest scientific observations and findings.
Although this book is literally somewhat “briefer,” it actually expands on the great subjects of the original. Purely technical concepts, such as the mathematics of chaotic boundary conditions, are gone. Conversely, subjects of wide interest that were difficult to follow because they were interspersed throughout the book have now been given entire chapters of their own, including relativity, curved space, and quantum theory.
This reorganization has allowed the authors to expand areas of special interest and recent progress, from the latest developments in string theory to exciting developments in the search for a complete unified theory of all the forces of physics. Like prior editions of the book—but even more so—A Briefer History of Time will guide nonscientists everywhere in the ongoing search for the tantalizing secrets at the heart of time and space.
A Brief History of Time and the Universe in a Nutshell
One of the most influential thinkers of our time, Stephen Hawking is an intellectual icon, known not only for the adventurousness of his ideas but for the clarity and wit with which he expresses them. In this new book Hawking takes us to the cutting edge of theoretical physics, where truth is often stranger than fiction, to explain in laymen’s terms the principles that control our universe.
Like many in the community of theoretical physicists, Professor Hawking is seeking to uncover the grail of science – the elusive Theory of Everything that lies at the heart of the cosmos. In his accessible and often playful style, he guides us on his search to uncover the secrets of the universe – from supergravity to supersymmetry, from quantum theory to M-theory, from holography to duality.
He takes us to the wild frontiers of science, where superstring theory and p-branes may hold the final clue to the puzzle. And he lets us behind the scenes of one of his most exciting intellectual adventures as he seeks “to combine Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity and Richard Feynman’s idea of multiple histories into one complete unified theory that will describe everything that happens in the universe.” With characteristic exuberance, Professor Hawking invites us to be fellow travelers on this extraordinary voyage through space-time.
Copious four-color illustrations help clarify this journey into a surreal wonderland where particles, sheets, and strings move in eleven dimensions; where black holes evaporate and disappear, taking their secret with them; and where the original cosmic seed from which our own universe sprang was a tiny nut. The Universe in a Nutshell is essential reading for all of us who want to understand the universe in which we live. Like its companion volume, A Brief History of Time, it conveys the excitement felt within the scientific community as the secrets of the cosmos reveal themselves.
God Created the Integers: The Mathematical Breakthroughs That Changed History
Bestselling author and physicist Stephen Hawking explores the “masterpieces” of mathematics, 25 landmarks spanning 2,500 years and representing the work of 15 mathematicians, including Augustin Cauchy, Bernard Riemann, and Alan Turing.
This extensive anthology allows readers to peer into the mind of genius by providing them with excerpts from the original mathematical proofs and results. It also helps them understand the progression of mathematical thought, and the very foundations of our present-day technologies.
Each chapter begins with a biography of the featured mathematician, clearly explaining the significance of the result, followed by the full proof of the work, reproduced from the original publication.
The Illustrated On the Shoulders of Giants: The Great Works of Physics and Astronomy
The first edition of this revolutionary look at the scientific discoveries that changed our perception of the world, by the renowned physicist and bestselling author Stephen Hawking, sold over 65,000 copies. Now it’s available in a gift-worthy special edition with color photographs and illustrations depicting theoretical models of the planets and their orbits–making Hawking’s brilliant insights all the more accessible.
This original compilation is based on seven classic works of physics and astronomy which, read in chronological order, trace the evolution of modern science. THE ILLUSTRATED ON THE SHOULDERS OF GIANTS includes selections from On the Revolution of Heavenly Spheres by Nicolaus Copernicus; Principia by Sir Isaac Newton; The Principle of Relativity by Albert Einstein; Dialogues Concerning Two Sciences by Galileo Galilei with Alfonso De Salvio; plus Harmony of the World by Johannes Kepler. It also includes five important critical essays and an original biography of each physicist, written by Hawking himself.
On The Shoulders Of Giants
World-renowned physicist and author Stephen Hawking presents a revolutionary look at the momentous discoveries that changed our perception of the world with this first-ever compilation of five classic works of physics and astronomy. His choice of landmark writings by some of the world’s greatest thinkers traces the brilliant evolution of modern science and shows how each figure built upon the work of his predecessors.
On the Shoulders of Giants includes On the Revolution of Heavenly Spheres by Nicolaus Copernicus; Principia by Sir Isaac Newton; The Principle of Relativity by Albert Einstein; Dialogues Concerning Two Sciences by Galileo Galilei with Alfonso De Salvio; plus Harmony of the World by Johannes Kepler. It also includes a biography of each featured physicist that explains the significance of his work.
The Universe in a Nutshell
Stephen Hawking’s phenomenal, multimillion-copy bestseller, A Brief History of Time, introduced the ideas of this brilliant theoretical physicist to readers all over the world.
Now, in a major publishing event, Hawking returns with a lavishly illustrated sequel that unravels the mysteries of the major breakthroughs that have occurred in the years since the release of his acclaimed first book.
The Universe in a Nutshell
• Quantum mechanics
• M-theory
• General relativity
• 11-dimensional supergravity
• 10-dimensional membranes
• Superstrings
• P-branes
• Black holes
One of the most influential thinkers of our time, Stephen Hawking is an intellectual icon, known not only for the adventurousness of his ideas but for the clarity and wit with which he expresses them. In this new book Hawking takes us to the cutting edge of theoretical physics, where truth is often stranger than fiction, to explain in laymen’s terms the principles that control our universe.
Like many in the community of theoretical physicists, Professor Hawking is seeking to uncover the grail of science — the elusive Theory of Everything that lies at the heart of the cosmos. In his accessible and often playful style, he guides us on his search to uncover the secrets of the universe — from supergravity to supersymmetry, from quantum theory to M-theory, from holography to duality.
He takes us to the wild frontiers of science, where superstring theory and p-branes may hold the final clue to the puzzle. And he lets us behind the scenes of one of his most exciting intellectual adventures as he seeks “to combine Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity and Richard Feynman’s idea of multiple histories into one complete unified theory that will describe everything that happens in the universe.”
With characteristic exuberance, Professor Hawking invites us to be fellow travelers on this extraordinary voyage through space-time. Copious four-color illustrations help clarify this journey into a surreal wonderland where particles, sheets, and strings move in eleven dimensions; where black holes evaporate and disappear, taking their secret with them; and where the original cosmic seed from which our own universe sprang was a tiny nut.
The Universe in a Nutshell is essential reading for all of us who want to understand the universe in which we live. Like its companion volume, A Brief History of Time, it conveys the excitement felt within the scientific community as the secrets of the cosmos reveal themselves.
The Large, the Small and the Human Mind
Roger Penrose’s views on the large-scale physics of the Universe, the small-scale world of quantum physics and the physics of the mind are controversial and widely discussed.
This book is a fascinating and accessible summary of Roger Penrose’s current thinking on those areas of physics in which he feels there are major unresolved problems. It is also a stimulating introduction to the radically new concepts that he believes will be fruitful in understanding the workings of the brain and the nature of the human mind.
Stephen Hawking’s Universe: The Cosmos Explained
Presents the frontiers of scientific knowledge about the basis of our existence & of everything around us. Features full color photographs & a foreword by Stephen Hawking.
A Brief History of Time
A Brief History of Time, published in 1988, was a landmark volume in science writing and in world-wide acclaim and popularity, with more than 9 million copies in print globally.
The original edition was on the cutting edge of what was then known about the origins and nature of the universe. But the ensuing years have seen extraordinary advances in the technology of observing both the micro- and the macrocosmic world–observations that have confirmed many of Hawking’s theoretical predictions in the first edition of his book.
Now a decade later, this edition updates the chapters throughout to document those advances, and also includes an entirely new chapter on Wormholes and Time Travel and a new introduction. It make vividly clear why A Brief History of Time has transformed our view of the universe.
The Illustrated Brief History of Time
In the years since its publication in 1988, Stephen Hawking’s A Brief History of Time has established itself as a landmark volume in scientific
writing. It has also become an international publishing phenomenon, translated into forty languages and selling over nine million copies.
The book was on the cutting edge of what was then known about the nature of the universe, but since then there have been extraordinary advances in the technology of observing both the micro- and the macrocosmic world. These observations have confirmed many of Professor Hawking’s theoretical predictions in the first edition of his book, including the recent discoveries of the Cosmic Background Explorer satellite (COBE), which probed back in time to within 300,000 years of the universe’s beginning and revealed the wrinkles in the fabric of space-time that he had projected.
Eager to bring to his original text the new knowledge revealed by these many observations, as well as his most recent research, for this revised and expanded edition Hawking has prepared a new introduction to the book, revised and updated the original chapters throughout, and written an entirely new chapter on the fascinating subject of wormholes and time travel.
In addition, to heighten understanding of complex concepts that readers may have found difficult to grasp despite the clarity and wit of Hawking’s writing, this edition is magnificently enhanced throughout with more than 240 full-color illustrations, including satellite images, photographs made possible by spectacular new technological advances such as the Hubble telescope, and computer- generated images of three- and four-dimensional realities. Detailed captions clarify these illustrations, enabling readers to experience the vastness of intergalactic space, the nature of black holes, and the microcosmic world of particle physics in which matter and antimatter collide.
A classic work that now brings to the reader the latest understanding of cosmology, The Illustrated A Brief History of Time is the story of the ongoing search for the tantalizing secrets at the heart of time and space.
Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays
Readers worldwide have come to know the work of Stephen Hawking through his phenomenal million-copy hardcover best-seller A Brief History of Time. Bantam is proud to present the paperback edition of Dr. Hawking’s first new book since that event, a collection of fascinating and illuminating essays, and a remarkable interview broadcast by the BBC on Christmas Day, 1992. These fourteen pieces reveal Hawking variously as the scientist, the man, the concerned world citizen, and-always-the rigorous and imaginative thinker.
Hawking’s wit, directness of style, and absence of pomp characterize all of them, whether he is remembering his first experience at nursery school; calling for adequate education in science that will enable the public to play its part in making informed decisions on matters such as nuclear disarmament; exploring the origins of the future of the universe; or reflecting on the history of A Brief History of Time. Black Holes and Baby Universes is an important work from one of the greatest minds of the twentieth century.
A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes
Stephen Hawking has earned a reputation as the most brilliant theoretical physicist since Einstein. In this landmark volume, Professor Hawking shares his blazing intellect with nonscientists everywhere, guiding us expertly to confront the supreme questions of the nature of time and the universe.
Was there a beginning of time? Will there be an end? Is the universe infinite or does it have boundaries? From Galileo and Newton to modern astrophysics, from the breathtakingly cast to the extraordinarily tiny, Professor Hawking leads us on an exhilarating journey to distant galaxies, black holes, alternate dimensions–as close as man has ever ventured to the mind of God. From the vantage point of the wheelchair from which he has spent more than twenty years trapped by Lou Gehrig’s disease, Stephen Hawking has transformed our view of the universe.
Cogently explained, passionately revealed, A Brief History of Time is the story of the ultimate quest for knowledge: the ongoing search for the tantalizing secrets at the heart of time and space.
The Large Scale Structure of Space
Posted in Mathematicson Mar 28th, 1975
Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity leads to two remarkable predictions: first, that the ultimate destiny of many massive stars is to undergo gravitational collapse and to disappear from view, leaving behind a ‘black hole’ in space; and secondly, that there will exist singularities in space-time itself. These singularities are places where space-time begins or ends, and the presently known laws of physics break down. They will occur inside black holes, and in the past are what might be construed as the beginning of the universe. To show how these predictions arise, the authors...
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